你的食物选择背后的隐藏力量【素食主义演讲】 2

The Hidden Forces Behind Your Food Choices 2 
What we eat is less about what we choose and more about what's offered to us, says food and climate expert Sarah Lake. Unpacking how governments and companies have driven up meat consumption in the US through extensive marketing, she explains how we could employ these same forces to incentivize plant-based eating — for the sake of the planet, public health and global food security.
食物专家兼气候专家萨拉·莱克表示,我们吃什么与其说是个人选择,不如说是取决于我们能获得什么。她剖析了美国政府和企业如何通过大规模营销手段推动肉类消费,同时解释了我们如何能利用同样的力量来鼓励人们选择植物性饮食,以保护地球、促进公共健康和保障全球粮食安全。
2024.10.8 TED
tags: 演讲 TED 环保
内容
  • 英中
  • 中英
  • 盲听
  • 1

    [14] We need other solutions. We need regenerative agriculture. And we need to address food loss and waste. But those alone are insufficient to reach climate goals. And diet shifts are also essential for food security and health.

  • 2

    [15] We need to grow more food on less land by 2050, and to do that, we need to shift from land-intensive animal protein to land-efficient vegetable protein. And that also helps with our health.

  • 3

    [16] Grandma Toots continued to put meat in pretty much every meal, and by the time I was about 11, that diet caught up with my dad, her son, and he had a massive heart attack.

  • 4

    [17] I don't remember a lot about it, but I remember sitting in this hospital waiting for him to get out of six-way bypass surgery, using this very high-tech surgery plan of 1996.

  • 5

    [18] And my mom took me and my siblings to get dinner in the hospital while we waited. And she took us to the only restaurant that was available: a McDonald's.

  • 6

    [19] So we sat there eating greasy cheeseburgers while my dad was on the floor above, having open-heart surgery due to years of eating unhealthy food.

  • 7

    [20] And we ate there because it was really all that was available. After my dad's surgery, our household went largely plant-based thanks to my mom. And my dad, he's still alive.

  • 8

    [21] So I know firsthand how plant-rich diets can be life-saving. And now we know that overconsumption of meat is a leading cause of preventable disease, including heart disease, but also obesity and diabetes.

  • 9

    [22] We also know that meat is a leading cause of climate change. Meat alone can account for as much as 20 percent of global emissions.

  • 10

    [23] We also know that we're misusing nearly half of our farmland to grow feed for animals, rather than food for humans.

  • 11

    [24] But no one really wants to talk about this proverbial cow in the room: the fundamental need to shift our food system away from industrial meat.

  • 12

    [25] And maybe it's because we know people really care about what they eat. Or maybe it's because we know we're not going to get there by pleading with people to eat differently, especially when most consumers have to go out of their way and pay more for alternative products.

  • 13

    [26] What we need is for companies and governments to offer and incentivize plant-rich diets the same way they did for meat decades ago.

  • 14

    [27] I need to walk into a McDonald's and see a menu full of plant-rich options and have them be just as cheap or cheaper than the Big Mac.

  • 15

    [28] And we need our schools and hospitals to offer plant-based foods as the default, where you can get meat but you have to ask for it as the exception.

  • 16

    [29] And we need just as much money to flow into the plant-based industry as currently makes meat wildly and artificially cheap.

  • 1

    我们需要其他解决方案。我们需要再生农业。我们还需要解决食物损失和浪费的问题。但仅靠这些还不足以实现气候目标。饮食结构的转变对于粮食安全和健康也至关重要。

  • 2

    到2050年,我们需要在更少的土地上生产更多的粮食,为此,我们需要从土地密集型的动物蛋白转向土地利用效率更高的植物蛋白。这也有助于我们的健康。

  • 3

    图茨奶奶依旧每餐都离不开肉,到我大约11岁的时候,这种饮食习惯害得她的儿子,也就是我的爸爸,突发严重的心脏病。

  • 4

    关于这件事,我记不太清了,但记得当时坐在医院里等着他做完六路搭桥手术,那是1996年非常先进的手术方案。

  • 5

    在等待期间,妈妈带我和我的兄弟姐妹去医院里唯一一家餐厅吃晚餐,那就是一家麦当劳。

  • 6

    所以当时我们就在那里吃着油腻腻的芝士汉堡,而我爸爸就在楼上做着心脏搭桥手术,这都是因为他多年来一直吃不健康的食物。

  • 7

    我们在那里吃饭,是因为那里确实是唯一的选择。爸爸手术后,多亏了妈妈,我们家基本上就以植物性食物为主了。而我爸爸,他现在还活着。

  • 8

    所以我深知富含植物的饮食如何能拯救生命。如今我们也清楚,过度食用肉类是导致可预防疾病的主要原因,包括心脏病,还有肥胖症和糖尿病。

  • 9

    我们还知道,肉类是导致气候变化的主要因素。仅肉类一项就可能占全球(温室气体)排放量的20%。

  • 10

    我们还知道,我们将近一半的耕地都被用来种植动物饲料,而非人类的食物。

  • 11

    但没人愿意谈及这个显而易见的问题:从根本上说,我们需要改变我们的食物系统,使其不再依赖工业化肉类。

  • 12

    或许是因为我们知道人们非常在意自己的饮食。又或许是因为我们知道,光靠恳求人们改变饮食习惯是行不通的,尤其是当大多数消费者得特意费力去寻找替代品,而且还要花更多钱的时候。

  • 13

    我们需要的是企业与政府能像几十年前大力推广肉类食品那样,积极倡导并激励人们选择富含植物的饮食。

  • 14

    我希望走进麦当劳时能看到满是植物性食品的菜单,而且这些食品的价格要和巨无霸汉堡一样便宜甚至更便宜。

  • 15

    我们还需要学校和医院将植物性食品作为默认选择,只有在特别要求的情况下才提供肉类食品。

  • 16

    而且我们需要有同样多的资金流入植物性食品行业,就像目前让肉类价格低廉且不正常的情况一样。

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